diff --git a/deploy/activate-incremental-release.sh b/deploy/activate-incremental-release.sh
index cd67feeb..354930ff 100644
--- a/deploy/activate-incremental-release.sh
+++ b/deploy/activate-incremental-release.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ REMOTE_DIR="${3:-/opt/caiwuxitong}"
 DEPLOY_SHA="${4:?DEPLOY_SHA is required}"
 RUN_MIGRATIONS="${5:-0}"
 KEEP_IMAGES="${6:-2}"
+EXPECTED_PREVIOUS_SHA="${7:?Checked production revision is required; update the deployment scripts}"
+DEPLOY_ACTOR="${8:-unknown}"
+RELEASE_APP_URL="${9:-}"
+RELEASE_DIR="$(CDPATH= cd -- "$(dirname -- "$0")" && pwd)"
+. "$RELEASE_DIR/release-guard.sh"
 IMAGE_NAME="caiwu_akaunting"
 LOCK_FILE="$REMOTE_DIR/.deploy.lock"
 REGISTRY_API="http://127.0.0.1:5000/v2/caiwuxitong/app"
@@ -65,6 +70,12 @@ if ! flock -n 9; then
     exit 1
 fi
 
+RELEASE_STARTED_AT="$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)"
+RELEASE_RESULT=blocked
+trap 'release_status=$?; caiwu_record_release_result "$release_status"' EXIT
+trap 'exit 130' INT
+trap 'exit 143' TERM
+
 # 容器替换会终止其中的同步进程；与生产刷新任务共享同一把锁。
 exec 8>/run/caiwu-upstream-sync.lock
 echo "Waiting for active upstream synchronization before replacing the application container"
@@ -74,7 +85,8 @@ if ! flock -w 1800 8; then
 fi
 
 PREVIOUS_IMAGE="$(docker inspect caiwu_app --format '{{.Config.Image}}' 2>/dev/null || true)"
-PREVIOUS_SHA="$(cat "$REMOTE_DIR/.deployed-sha" 2>/dev/null || true)"
+caiwu_verify_release_base
+RELEASE_RESULT=running
 
 restore_previous_image() {
     case "$PREVIOUS_IMAGE" in
@@ -96,6 +108,8 @@ if [ "$LOADED_SHA" != "$DEPLOY_SHA" ]; then
     exit 1
 fi
 
+caiwu_install_release_files
+
 cd "$REMOTE_DIR"
 export IMAGE_TAG RUN_MIGRATIONS
 
diff --git a/deploy/activate-release.sh b/deploy/activate-release.sh
index 8d68be89..191b0504 100644
--- a/deploy/activate-release.sh
+++ b/deploy/activate-release.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ REMOTE_DIR="${3:-/opt/caiwuxitong}"
 DEPLOY_SHA="${4:?DEPLOY_SHA is required}"
 RUN_MIGRATIONS="${5:-0}"
 KEEP_IMAGES="${6:-2}"
+EXPECTED_PREVIOUS_SHA="${7:?Checked production revision is required; update the deployment scripts}"
+DEPLOY_ACTOR="${8:-unknown}"
+RELEASE_APP_URL="${9:-}"
+RELEASE_DIR="$(CDPATH= cd -- "$(dirname -- "$0")" && pwd)"
+. "$RELEASE_DIR/release-guard.sh"
 IMAGE_NAME="caiwu_akaunting"
 LOCK_FILE="$REMOTE_DIR/.deploy.lock"
 
@@ -14,7 +19,9 @@ cleanup() {
     rm -f "$IMAGE_ARCHIVE"
 }
 
-trap cleanup EXIT INT TERM
+trap cleanup EXIT
+trap 'exit 130' INT
+trap 'exit 143' TERM
 
 if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
     echo "activate-release.sh must run as root" >&2
@@ -69,6 +76,10 @@ if ! flock -n 9; then
     exit 1
 fi
 
+RELEASE_STARTED_AT="$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)"
+RELEASE_RESULT=blocked
+trap 'release_status=$?; caiwu_record_release_result "$release_status"; cleanup' EXIT
+
 # 容器替换会终止其中的同步进程；与生产刷新任务共享同一把锁。
 exec 8>/run/caiwu-upstream-sync.lock
 echo "Waiting for active upstream synchronization before replacing the application container"
@@ -78,7 +89,8 @@ if ! flock -w 1800 8; then
 fi
 
 PREVIOUS_IMAGE="$(docker inspect caiwu_app --format '{{.Config.Image}}' 2>/dev/null || true)"
-PREVIOUS_SHA="$(cat "$REMOTE_DIR/.deployed-sha" 2>/dev/null || true)"
+caiwu_verify_release_base
+RELEASE_RESULT=running
 
 restore_previous_image() {
     case "$PREVIOUS_IMAGE" in
@@ -100,6 +112,8 @@ if [ "$LOADED_SHA" != "$DEPLOY_SHA" ]; then
     exit 1
 fi
 
+caiwu_install_release_files
+
 cd "$REMOTE_DIR"
 export IMAGE_TAG RUN_MIGRATIONS
 
diff --git a/deploy/install-release-protection.sh b/deploy/install-release-protection.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d5b09cec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deploy/install-release-protection.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Caller holds the production deployment lock. Does not restart any service.
+set -eu
+REMOTE_DIR="${1:-/opt/caiwuxitong}"
+SOURCE_DIR="$(CDPATH= cd -- "$(dirname -- "$0")" && pwd)"
+LEGACY_STUB="$SOURCE_DIR/retired-activation.sh"
+[ "$(id -u)" -eq 0 ] || { echo 'Release protection must be installed as root' >&2; exit 1; }
+[ -f "$LEGACY_STUB" ] || { echo 'Missing retired activation stub' >&2; exit 1; }
+
+is_immutable() { lsattr -d "$1" 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $1}' | grep -q i; }
+needs_install=0
+for legacy in activate-release.sh activate-incremental-release.sh; do
+    if cmp -s "$LEGACY_STUB" "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy" && is_immutable "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy"; then
+        continue
+    fi
+    if is_immutable "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy"; then
+        echo "Unexpected immutable legacy entry point: $legacy; verify it before changing protection" >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    needs_install=1
+done
+[ "$needs_install" -eq 1 ] || exit 0
+
+# Test support on an owned temporary file before touching either entry point.
+probe="$(mktemp "$REMOTE_DIR/.release-protection.XXXXXX")"
+cleanup_probe() { chattr -i "$probe" 2>/dev/null || true; rm -f "$probe"; }
+trap cleanup_probe EXIT
+chattr +i "$probe" || { echo 'Filesystem cannot protect legacy entry points; no application was changed' >&2; exit 1; }
+chattr -i "$probe"
+backup="$REMOTE_DIR/runtime/private/release-protection/$(date -u +%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ)-$$"
+umask 077
+mkdir -p "$backup"
+for legacy in activate-release.sh activate-incremental-release.sh; do
+    if cmp -s "$LEGACY_STUB" "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy" && is_immutable "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy"; then
+        continue
+    fi
+    [ ! -f "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy" ] || cp -p "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy" "$backup/$legacy"
+    install -m 700 "$LEGACY_STUB" "$REMOTE_DIR/.$legacy.next"
+    mv "$REMOTE_DIR/.$legacy.next" "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy"
+    chattr +i "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy"
+    cmp -s "$LEGACY_STUB" "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy" && is_immutable "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy"
+done
+echo 'Legacy activation paths protected; current application and databases were not restarted'
diff --git a/deploy/release-guard.sh b/deploy/release-guard.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d8cf6ea1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deploy/release-guard.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Sourced by both activation paths after the deployment and synchronization locks.
+
+caiwu_verify_release_base() {
+    case "$EXPECTED_PREVIOUS_SHA" in
+        none) ;;
+        *[!0-9a-f]*|'') echo 'Missing or invalid checked production revision; update the deployment scripts' >&2; return 1 ;;
+        *) [ "${#EXPECTED_PREVIOUS_SHA}" -eq 40 ] || return 1 ;;
+    esac
+    PREVIOUS_SHA="$(cat "$REMOTE_DIR/.deployed-sha" 2>/dev/null || true)"
+    [ -n "$PREVIOUS_SHA" ] || PREVIOUS_SHA=none
+    if [ "$PREVIOUS_SHA" != none ] && ! printf '%s\n' "$PREVIOUS_SHA" | grep -Eq '^[0-9a-f]{40}$'; then
+        echo 'Invalid production revision marker; refusing activation' >&2
+        return 1
+    fi
+    if [ "$PREVIOUS_SHA" != "$EXPECTED_PREVIOUS_SHA" ]; then
+        echo "Production changed while this release was being prepared: checked=$EXPECTED_PREVIOUS_SHA current=$PREVIOUS_SHA requested=$DEPLOY_SHA. Fetch latest main and retry; the running application was not changed." >&2
+        return 1
+    fi
+
+    # A failed/interrupted older activation must not leave the marker ahead of the app.
+    running_sha="$(docker inspect caiwu_app --format '{{index .Config.Labels "org.opencontainers.image.revision"}}' 2>/dev/null || true)"
+    if [ "$PREVIOUS_SHA" != none ] && [ "$running_sha" != "$PREVIOUS_SHA" ]; then
+        echo "Running image and production marker disagree; refusing activation: marker=$PREVIOUS_SHA image=$running_sha" >&2
+        return 1
+    fi
+    if [ "$PREVIOUS_SHA" = none ] && [ -n "$running_sha" ]; then
+        echo 'An application is already running without a production marker; verify its revision before deploying' >&2
+        return 1
+    fi
+}
+
+caiwu_install_release_files() {
+    # Each uploader has its own directory. Shared runtime files change only inside
+    # the activation lock and after the production revision has been rechecked.
+    [ "$RELEASE_DIR" != "$REMOTE_DIR" ] || return 0
+    release_files='compose.jiangling.yml activate-release.sh activate-incremental-release.sh release-guard.sh retired-activation.sh install-release-protection.sh config-db-init.sh run-finance-batch.sh clickhouse-resource-policy.xml update-runtime-url.sh configure-dingtalk-callback.sh host-nginx-8442-dingtalk.conf setup-incremental-registry.sh registry-config.yml'
+    for release_file in $release_files; do
+        [ -f "$RELEASE_DIR/$release_file" ] || { echo "Incomplete staged release: $release_file" >&2; return 1; }
+    done
+    sh "$RELEASE_DIR/install-release-protection.sh" "$REMOTE_DIR" || return 1
+    for release_file in $release_files; do
+        case "$release_file" in activate-release.sh|activate-incremental-release.sh) continue ;; esac
+        case "$release_file" in *.sh) release_mode=700 ;; *) release_mode=644 ;; esac
+        [ "$release_file" != config-db-init.sh ] || release_mode=644
+        install -m "$release_mode" "$RELEASE_DIR/$release_file" "$REMOTE_DIR/.$release_file.next"
+        mv "$REMOTE_DIR/.$release_file.next" "$REMOTE_DIR/$release_file"
+    done
+    if [ -n "$RELEASE_APP_URL" ]; then
+        "$REMOTE_DIR/update-runtime-url.sh" "$RELEASE_APP_URL" "$REMOTE_DIR"
+    fi
+    printf '%s\n' "$DEPLOY_SHA" > "$REMOTE_DIR/.release-controls-sha.next"
+    mv "$REMOTE_DIR/.release-controls-sha.next" "$REMOTE_DIR/.release-controls-sha"
+}
+
+caiwu_record_release_result() {
+    release_exit="$1"
+    [ "$RELEASE_RESULT" != running ] || RELEASE_RESULT=failed
+    [ "$release_exit" -ne 0 ] || RELEASE_RESULT=success
+    # Client identity is declared by the workstation; the SSH source is recorded
+    # separately. Neither field is inferred from the commit author.
+    release_actor="$(printf '%s' "$DEPLOY_ACTOR" | tr -cd 'A-Za-z0-9_.@:-' | cut -c1-160)"
+    release_peer="$(printf '%s' "${SSH_CONNECTION:-local}" | tr -cd 'A-Za-z0-9 .:-' | cut -c1-160)"
+    (
+        umask 077
+        mkdir -p "$REMOTE_DIR/runtime/private"
+        printf '%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n' \
+            "$RELEASE_STARTED_AT" "$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)" "$release_actor" "$release_peer" \
+            "${PREVIOUS_SHA:-unknown}" "$DEPLOY_SHA" "$RELEASE_RESULT" "$release_exit" "$EXPECTED_PREVIOUS_SHA" \
+            >> "$REMOTE_DIR/runtime/private/deployments.tsv"
+    ) || echo 'Could not write the private deployment receipt' >&2
+}
diff --git a/deploy/retired-activation.sh b/deploy/retired-activation.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f378ffe8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/deploy/retired-activation.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# This legacy shared path is intentionally retired and immutable on production.
+echo 'Legacy activation is disabled. Fetch latest main and use the workstation deployment script with an isolated release directory and checked production revision. The running application was not changed.' >&2
+exit 1
diff --git a/docs/开发与部署SOP.md b/docs/开发与部署SOP.md
index 9cb55480..feee2d7e 100644
--- a/docs/开发与部署SOP.md
+++ b/docs/开发与部署SOP.md
@@ -129,11 +129,22 @@ bash scripts/deploy-from-mac.sh
 8. 验证唯一私有七牛桶的写入、读取和删除，并把旧本机业务上传幂等复制到七牛；不删除本机原件；
 9. 检查服务器本机后端页面；
 10. 任一存储验证或页面验证失败时恢复上一个镜像；
-11. 使用服务器互斥锁阻止两个人同时切换版本；
+11. 每次上传使用独立暂存目录；服务器取得发布锁和同步锁后，再核对线上 SHA 与发布机已检查的 SHA，确认未变化才切换配置和应用；
 12. 删除本地临时镜像包并关闭 SSH 隧道；
 13. 开发机、服务器 Docker 和服务器 Registry 均仅保留当前和上一个本项目版本；
 14. 清理 7 天前的本项目构建缓存，并将总量压到最多 3GB。
 
+### 5.0 多人发布保护
+
+- 远端 `main` 禁止直接推送和强推，任务分支通过 PR 合并；不额外要求人工审批或新增 CI 门槛。
+- 发布机先刷新远端 `main`，正式发布必须与最新主线一致，并检查本次版本包含线上提交。
+- 上传期间若别人已发布，服务器在锁内拒绝本次激活，运行中的应用保持原版本。先 `git fetch`、快进到最新 `main` 并重新发布，不用回滚开关绕过并发校验。
+- Windows 和 macOS 发布机都必须使用最新脚本。共享根目录的两个旧激活入口已停用并设置 Linux immutable 属性，旧发布机无法用上传覆盖它们；新脚本从每次独立暂存目录执行激活，缺少已检查线上版本参数也会被拒绝。
+- 运行配置按每次发布独立暂存，核对通过后才在锁内安装；上传文件不会提前覆盖其他发布使用的配置。
+- 服务器私有 `runtime/private/deployments.tsv` 记录起止 UTC 时间、发布机声明的身份、SSH 来源、前后 SHA、结果、退出码和已检查的 SHA。声明身份及提交作者不能单独证明具体操作者；记录不包含凭据或业务数据。
+- 安装旧入口保护前自动备份到服务器私有 `runtime/private/release-protection/`。普通发布不解除 immutable 属性；维护这些停用入口时先核对备份和目的，再由维护人员使用 `chattr -i` 处理指定文件。应用镜像回滚不需要启用旧入口。
+- 仅维护发布控制脚本时，可在发布锁内备份并安装已合并主线的控制脚本，记录独立的 `.release-controls-sha`，不重建应用容器、不修改表示应用镜像版本的 `.deployed-sha`。
+
 ### 5.1 安全软件拦截 regctl 时的降级
 
 第 6 步默认用项目专用 `regctl`（未签名）把 BuildKit 原生 OCI 分层包推入服务器本机 Registry。少数开发机的 360 安全卫士、金山毒霸等安全软件会拦截未签名程序，表现为 `regctl-v0.11.5.exe` 启动即报“拒绝访问”。
diff --git a/scripts/deploy-from-mac.sh b/scripts/deploy-from-mac.sh
index ec5d0180..0fa018a9 100755
--- a/scripts/deploy-from-mac.sh
+++ b/scripts/deploy-from-mac.sh
@@ -416,7 +416,8 @@ if [ -n "$(git status --porcelain --untracked-files=no)" ]; then
     fail '工作区存在未提交的受控文件改动，拒绝构建。请先提交或处理清楚。'
 fi
 
-if [ "$branch" = 'main' ] && git rev-parse --verify --quiet origin/main >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+git fetch origin main --quiet || fail '无法更新远端 main，已停止发布。'
+if [ "$branch" = 'main' ]; then
     if [ "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" != "$(git rev-parse origin/main)" ]; then
         fail '本地 main 与 origin/main 不一致，请先执行 git pull --ff-only 再发布。'
     fi
@@ -457,7 +458,6 @@ ssh_control_path="/tmp/caiwu-ssh-$$-$RANDOM.sock"
 ssh_options+=(-o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=600 -o "ControlPath=$ssh_control_path")
 tunnel_ssh_options=("${ssh_options[@]}" -o ControlPath=none)
 
-remote_archive="$remote_path/image-$image_tag.tar.gz"
 temp_root="$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/caiwu-deploy-XXXXXX")"
 local_tar="$temp_root/image.tar"
 local_archive="$temp_root/image.tar.gz"
@@ -512,6 +512,13 @@ for pair in \
 done
 
 previous_sha="$(ssh "${ssh_options[@]}" "$ssh_target" "cat '$remote_path/.deployed-sha' 2>/dev/null || true" | tr -d '[:space:]')"
+if [ -n "$previous_sha" ] && ! printf '%s\n' "$previous_sha" | grep -Eq '^[0-9a-f]{40}$'; then
+    fail '线上版本标记格式无效，已停止发布。'
+fi
+expected_previous_sha="${previous_sha:-none}"
+deploy_actor="$(printf '%s@%s' "$(git config user.name)" "$(hostname)" | tr -c 'A-Za-z0-9_.@:-' '_')"
+remote_release_path="$remote_path/releases/$image_tag-$(uuidgen | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z')"
+remote_archive="$remote_release_path/image-$image_tag.tar.gz"
 
 if [ -n "$previous_sha" ]; then
     if git cat-file -e "${previous_sha}^{commit}" 2>/dev/null; then
@@ -556,7 +563,7 @@ if [ "$bootstrap_server" -eq 1 ]; then
     bootstrap_remote=''
 fi
 
-ssh "${ssh_options[@]}" "$ssh_target" "docker version >/dev/null && docker compose version >/dev/null && install -d -m 700 '$remote_path'" \
+ssh "${ssh_options[@]}" "$ssh_target" "docker version >/dev/null && docker compose version >/dev/null && install -d -m 700 '$remote_path' '$remote_release_path'" \
     || fail '服务器 Docker 未就绪；首次发布请添加 --bootstrap-server。'
 
 ensure_qiniu_storage_runtime
@@ -570,6 +577,9 @@ scp_to_remote \
     "$repo_root/compose.jiangling.yml" \
     "$repo_root/deploy/activate-release.sh" \
     "$repo_root/deploy/activate-incremental-release.sh" \
+    "$repo_root/deploy/release-guard.sh" \
+    "$repo_root/deploy/retired-activation.sh" \
+    "$repo_root/deploy/install-release-protection.sh" \
     "$repo_root/deploy/config-db-init.sh" \
     "$repo_root/deploy/run-finance-batch.sh" \
     "$repo_root/deploy/clickhouse-resource-policy.xml" \
@@ -578,10 +588,7 @@ scp_to_remote \
     "$repo_root/deploy/host-nginx-8442-dingtalk.conf" \
     "$repo_root/deploy/setup-incremental-registry.sh" \
     "$repo_root/deploy/registry-config.yml" \
-    "${ssh_target}:$remote_path/" || fail '上传运行配置失败。'
-
-ssh "${ssh_options[@]}" "$ssh_target" "chmod 700 '$remote_path/update-runtime-url.sh' && '$remote_path/update-runtime-url.sh' '$app_url' '$remote_path'" \
-    || fail '更新服务器访问地址失败。'
+    "${ssh_target}:$remote_release_path/" || fail '上传运行配置失败。'
 
 if [ "$bootstrap_server" -eq 1 ]; then
     if ! docker image inspect "$database_image" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
@@ -598,11 +605,11 @@ if [ "$bootstrap_server" -eq 1 ]; then
     log "首次初始化全量包：${archive_size} MiB"
 
     scp_to_remote "$local_archive" "${ssh_target}:$remote_archive" || fail '上传镜像失败。'
-    ssh "${ssh_options[@]}" "$ssh_target" "chmod 700 '$remote_path/'*.sh && chmod 644 '$remote_path/config-db-init.sh' && '$remote_path/activate-release.sh' '$remote_archive' '$image_tag' '$remote_path' '$deploy_sha' '$migration_flag' '$keep_images' && '$remote_path/setup-incremental-registry.sh' '$remote_path' '$remote_path/registry-config.yml'" \
+    ssh "${ssh_options[@]}" "$ssh_target" "chmod 700 '$remote_release_path/'*.sh && '$remote_release_path/activate-release.sh' '$remote_archive' '$image_tag' '$remote_path' '$deploy_sha' '$migration_flag' '$keep_images' '$expected_previous_sha' '$deploy_actor' '$app_url' && '$remote_path/setup-incremental-registry.sh' '$remote_path' '$remote_path/registry-config.yml'" \
         || fail '服务器激活、健康检查或增量仓库初始化失败。'
 else
     ssh "${ssh_options[@]}" -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o ConnectionAttempts=1 "$ssh_target" \
-        "chmod 700 '$remote_path/'*.sh && chmod 644 '$remote_path/config-db-init.sh' && (curl -fsS -o /dev/null http://127.0.0.1:5000/v2/ || '$remote_path/setup-incremental-registry.sh' '$remote_path' '$remote_path/registry-config.yml')" \
+        "chmod 700 '$remote_release_path/'*.sh && (curl -fsS -o /dev/null http://127.0.0.1:5000/v2/ || '$remote_release_path/setup-incremental-registry.sh' '$remote_path' '$remote_release_path/registry-config.yml')" \
         || fail '服务器增量镜像仓库初始化失败。'
 
     docker buildx build \
@@ -685,7 +692,7 @@ else
     incremental_mib="$(awk -v a="$after_bytes" -v b="$before_bytes" 'BEGIN { v = (a - b) / 1048576; if (v < 0) v = 0; printf "%.2f", v }')"
     log "增量新增镜像层：${incremental_mib} MiB；传输耗时：${upload_seconds} 秒"
 
-    ssh "${ssh_options[@]}" "$ssh_target" "'$remote_path/activate-incremental-release.sh' '$server_registry_image' '$image_tag' '$remote_path' '$deploy_sha' '$migration_flag' '$keep_images'" \
+    ssh "${ssh_options[@]}" "$ssh_target" "'$remote_release_path/activate-incremental-release.sh' '$server_registry_image' '$image_tag' '$remote_path' '$deploy_sha' '$migration_flag' '$keep_images' '$expected_previous_sha' '$deploy_actor' '$app_url'" \
         || fail '服务器增量激活或健康检查失败。'
 fi
 
diff --git a/scripts/deploy-from-workstation.ps1 b/scripts/deploy-from-workstation.ps1
index 7bb70aeb..bc54c179 100644
--- a/scripts/deploy-from-workstation.ps1
+++ b/scripts/deploy-from-workstation.ps1
@@ -348,6 +348,11 @@ try {
         throw '工作区存在未提交的受控文件改动，拒绝构建。请先提交或处理清楚。'
     }
 
+    Invoke-Native { git fetch origin main --quiet } '无法更新远端 main，已停止发布。'
+    if ($branch -eq 'main' -and (git rev-parse HEAD).Trim() -ne (git rev-parse origin/main).Trim()) {
+        throw '本地 main 不是最新 origin/main，请先 git pull --ff-only 再发布。'
+    }
+
     $deploySha = (git rev-parse HEAD).Trim()
     $imageTag = $deploySha.Substring(0, 12)
     $fullImage = "${imageName}:$imageTag"
@@ -372,7 +377,6 @@ try {
     }
     Invoke-NativeWithRetry { ssh @sshOptions $sshTarget true } '服务器登录失败或已取消，已停止部署。' -Attempts 3
     if ($authSession.Directory) { $env:CAIWU_DEPLOY_PASSWORD_UPDATE = $null }
-    $remoteArchive = "$RemotePath/image-$imageTag.tar.gz"
 
     # deploy-auth.ps1 is dot-sourced and can clear the automatic script path
     # variable on PowerShell Core. Restore it before invoking the build helper.
@@ -436,6 +440,11 @@ try {
     if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
         throw '无法连接服务器。'
     }
+    if ($previousSha -and $previousSha -notmatch '^[0-9a-f]{40}$') { throw '线上版本标记格式无效，已停止发布。' }
+    $expectedPreviousSha = if ($previousSha) { $previousSha } else { 'none' }
+    $deployActor = (((git config user.name) -join '') + '@' + [Environment]::MachineName) -replace '[^A-Za-z0-9_.@:-]', '_'
+    $remoteReleasePath = "$RemotePath/releases/$imageTag-$([Guid]::NewGuid().ToString('N'))"
+    $remoteArchive = "$remoteReleasePath/image-$imageTag.tar.gz"
 
     $previousShaExists = $false
     if ($previousSha) {
@@ -487,7 +496,7 @@ try {
     }
 
     Invoke-Native {
-        ssh @sshOptions $sshTarget "docker version >/dev/null && docker compose version >/dev/null && install -d -m 700 '$RemotePath'"
+        ssh @sshOptions $sshTarget "docker version >/dev/null && docker compose version >/dev/null && install -d -m 700 '$RemotePath' '$remoteReleasePath'"
     } '服务器 Docker 未就绪；首次发布请添加 -BootstrapServer。'
 
     Ensure-QiniuBusinessStorageRuntime
@@ -498,6 +507,9 @@ try {
             compose.jiangling.yml `
             deploy/activate-release.sh `
             deploy/activate-incremental-release.sh `
+            deploy/release-guard.sh `
+            deploy/retired-activation.sh `
+            deploy/install-release-protection.sh `
             deploy/config-db-init.sh `
             deploy/run-finance-batch.sh `
             deploy/clickhouse-resource-policy.xml `
@@ -506,13 +518,9 @@ try {
             deploy/host-nginx-8442-dingtalk.conf `
             deploy/setup-incremental-registry.sh `
             deploy/registry-config.yml `
-            "${sshTarget}:$RemotePath/"
+            "${sshTarget}:$remoteReleasePath/"
     } '上传运行配置失败。'
 
-    Invoke-Native {
-        ssh @sshOptions $sshTarget "chmod 700 '$RemotePath/update-runtime-url.sh' && '$RemotePath/update-runtime-url.sh' '$AppUrl' '$RemotePath'"
-    } '更新服务器访问地址失败。'
-
     if ($BootstrapServer) {
         docker image inspect $DatabaseImage 2>$null | Out-Null
         if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
@@ -532,12 +540,12 @@ try {
         Write-Host "首次初始化全量包：$archiveSizeMB MiB"
         Invoke-Native { scp @scpOptions @sshOptions $localArchive "${sshTarget}:$remoteArchive" } '上传镜像失败。'
         Invoke-Native {
-            ssh @sshOptions $sshTarget "chmod 700 '$RemotePath/'*.sh && chmod 644 '$RemotePath/config-db-init.sh' && '$RemotePath/activate-release.sh' '$remoteArchive' '$imageTag' '$RemotePath' '$deploySha' '$migrationFlag' '$KeepImages' && '$RemotePath/setup-incremental-registry.sh' '$RemotePath' '$RemotePath/registry-config.yml'"
+            ssh @sshOptions $sshTarget "chmod 700 '$remoteReleasePath/'*.sh && '$remoteReleasePath/activate-release.sh' '$remoteArchive' '$imageTag' '$RemotePath' '$deploySha' '$migrationFlag' '$KeepImages' '$expectedPreviousSha' '$deployActor' '$AppUrl' && '$RemotePath/setup-incremental-registry.sh' '$RemotePath' '$RemotePath/registry-config.yml'"
         } '服务器激活、健康检查或增量仓库初始化失败。'
     }
     else {
         Invoke-NativeWithRetry {
-            ssh @sshOptions -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o ConnectionAttempts=1 $sshTarget "chmod 700 '$RemotePath/'*.sh && chmod 644 '$RemotePath/config-db-init.sh' && (curl -fsS -o /dev/null http://127.0.0.1:5000/v2/ || '$RemotePath/setup-incremental-registry.sh' '$RemotePath' '$RemotePath/registry-config.yml')"
+            ssh @sshOptions -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o ConnectionAttempts=1 $sshTarget "chmod 700 '$remoteReleasePath/'*.sh && (curl -fsS -o /dev/null http://127.0.0.1:5000/v2/ || '$remoteReleasePath/setup-incremental-registry.sh' '$RemotePath' '$remoteReleasePath/registry-config.yml')"
         } '服务器增量镜像仓库初始化失败。'
 
         # docker save 导出未压缩层，每次导入重新压缩会改变摘要，导致 Registry 无法复用。
@@ -653,7 +661,7 @@ try {
         Write-Host "增量新增镜像层：$incrementalMiB MiB；传输耗时：$([math]::Round($uploadTimer.Elapsed.TotalSeconds, 1)) 秒"
 
         Invoke-Native {
-            ssh @sshOptions $sshTarget "'$RemotePath/activate-incremental-release.sh' '$serverRegistryImage' '$imageTag' '$RemotePath' '$deploySha' '$migrationFlag' '$KeepImages'"
+            ssh @sshOptions $sshTarget "'$remoteReleasePath/activate-incremental-release.sh' '$serverRegistryImage' '$imageTag' '$RemotePath' '$deploySha' '$migrationFlag' '$KeepImages' '$expectedPreviousSha' '$deployActor' '$AppUrl'"
         } '服务器增量激活或健康检查失败。'
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/scripts/release-guard.sh b/tests/scripts/release-guard.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eab0d8c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/scripts/release-guard.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Run in a disposable Linux container, never on a production host.
+set -eu
+REPO="$(CDPATH= cd -- "$(dirname -- "$0")/../.." && pwd)"
+fixture="$(mktemp -d /tmp/caiwu-release-guard.XXXXXX)"
+cleanup() {
+    for legacy in activate-release.sh activate-incremental-release.sh; do
+        chattr -i "$fixture/legacy-entrypoints/$legacy" 2>/dev/null || true
+    done
+    rm -rf "$fixture"
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+mkdir -p "$fixture/bin"
+cat > "$fixture/bin/docker" <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+printf '%s\n' "$*" >> "$DOCKER_CALLS"
+if [ "$1" = inspect ]; then
+    case "$*" in
+        *Config.Image*) printf 'caiwu_akaunting:old\n' ;;
+        *) printf '%s\n' "${FAKE_RUNNING_SHA:-}" ;;
+    esac
+    exit 0
+fi
+exit 91
+EOF
+chmod +x "$fixture/bin/docker"
+PATH="$fixture/bin:$PATH"
+export PATH
+old=1111111111111111111111111111111111111111
+new=2222222222222222222222222222222222222222
+requested=3333333333333333333333333333333333333333
+passed=0
+pass() { passed=$((passed + 1)); printf 'PASS: %s\n' "$*"; }
+fail() { printf 'FAIL: %s\n' "$*" >&2; exit 1; }
+
+new_runtime() {
+    REMOTE_DIR="$fixture/$1"
+    mkdir -p "$REMOTE_DIR/runtime"
+    : > "$REMOTE_DIR/runtime/.env"
+    : > "$REMOTE_DIR/runtime/config-db.env"
+    printf 'CLICKHOUSE_PASSWORD=fixture\nBUSINESS_CLICKHOUSE_PASSWORD=fixture\n' > "$REMOTE_DIR/runtime/clickhouse.env"
+    printf 'BUSINESS_STORAGE_DRIVER=qiniu\nQINIU_ACCESS_KEY=fixture\nQINIU_SECRET_KEY=fixture\n' > "$REMOTE_DIR/runtime/qiniu-storage.env"
+    printf '%s\n' "$old" > "$REMOTE_DIR/.deployed-sha"
+    printf 'previous runtime configuration\n' > "$REMOTE_DIR/compose.jiangling.yml"
+    DOCKER_CALLS="$REMOTE_DIR/docker-calls"
+    : > "$DOCKER_CALLS"
+    FAKE_RUNNING_SHA="$old"
+    export DOCKER_CALLS FAKE_RUNNING_SHA
+}
+
+for activation in activate-release.sh activate-incremental-release.sh; do
+    for scenario in stale missing-protocol marker-image-mismatch unchanged; do
+        new_runtime "$activation-$scenario"
+        : > "$REMOTE_DIR/upload.tar.gz"
+        expected="$old"
+        case "$scenario" in
+            stale) printf '%s\n' "$new" > "$REMOTE_DIR/.deployed-sha"; FAKE_RUNNING_SHA="$new" ;;
+            marker-image-mismatch) FAKE_RUNNING_SHA="$new" ;;
+        esac
+        set +e
+        if [ "$scenario" = missing-protocol ]; then
+            sh "$REPO/deploy/$activation" "$REMOTE_DIR/upload.tar.gz" tag "$REMOTE_DIR" "$requested" 0 2 > "$REMOTE_DIR/output" 2>&1
+        else
+            sh "$REPO/deploy/$activation" "$REMOTE_DIR/upload.tar.gz" tag "$REMOTE_DIR" "$requested" 0 2 "$expected" fixture > "$REMOTE_DIR/output" 2>&1
+        fi
+        status=$?
+        set -e
+        if [ "$scenario" = unchanged ]; then
+            [ "$status" -eq 91 ] || { cat "$REMOTE_DIR/output"; fail 'accepted release did not reach image loading'; }
+        else
+            [ "$status" -ne 0 ] || fail "$activation accepted $scenario"
+            if grep -Ev '^inspect ' "$DOCKER_CALLS" | grep -q .; then
+                fail "$activation mutated Docker before rejecting $scenario"
+            fi
+            [ "$(cat "$REMOTE_DIR/compose.jiangling.yml")" = 'previous runtime configuration' ] || fail 'rejected release overwrote runtime configuration'
+        fi
+        if [ "$scenario" != missing-protocol ]; then
+            [ -s "$REMOTE_DIR/runtime/private/deployments.tsv" ] || fail 'deployment receipt missing'
+            if [ "$scenario" != unchanged ]; then
+                grep -q 'blocked' "$REMOTE_DIR/runtime/private/deployments.tsv" || fail 'rejection not recorded'
+            fi
+        fi
+        pass "$activation: $scenario"
+    done
+done
+
+. "$REPO/deploy/release-guard.sh"
+new_runtime bootstrap
+rm "$REMOTE_DIR/.deployed-sha"
+FAKE_RUNNING_SHA=''
+EXPECTED_PREVIOUS_SHA=none
+DEPLOY_SHA="$new"
+caiwu_verify_release_base
+pass 'first deployment with no running application'
+EXPECTED_PREVIOUS_SHA=''
+if caiwu_verify_release_base 2>/dev/null; then fail 'empty baseline accepted'; fi
+pass 'empty baseline rejected'
+
+new_runtime ordered-uploaders
+EXPECTED_PREVIOUS_SHA="$old"
+DEPLOY_SHA="$new"
+# Both uploaders checked the same old revision. The newer one activates first.
+(
+    exec 9> "$REMOTE_DIR/.deploy.lock"
+    flock -x 9
+    caiwu_verify_release_base
+    printf '%s\n' "$new" > "$REMOTE_DIR/.deployed-sha"
+)
+FAKE_RUNNING_SHA="$new"
+DEPLOY_SHA="$requested"
+if (
+    exec 9> "$REMOTE_DIR/.deploy.lock"
+    flock -x 9
+    caiwu_verify_release_base
+) 2>/dev/null; then fail 'delayed uploader overwrote the newer release'; fi
+[ "$(cat "$REMOTE_DIR/.deployed-sha")" = "$new" ] || fail 'production marker regressed'
+pass 'delayed uploader is rejected after a newer activation'
+
+new_runtime staged-config
+RELEASE_DIR="$fixture/staging"
+RELEASE_APP_URL=''
+mkdir -p "$RELEASE_DIR"
+for file in compose.jiangling.yml activate-release.sh activate-incremental-release.sh release-guard.sh retired-activation.sh install-release-protection.sh config-db-init.sh run-finance-batch.sh clickhouse-resource-policy.xml update-runtime-url.sh configure-dingtalk-callback.sh host-nginx-8442-dingtalk.conf setup-incremental-registry.sh registry-config.yml; do
+    printf 'new staged runtime configuration\n' > "$RELEASE_DIR/$file"
+done
+printf '#!/bin/sh\nexit 0\n' > "$RELEASE_DIR/install-release-protection.sh"
+rm "$RELEASE_DIR/registry-config.yml"
+if caiwu_install_release_files 2>/dev/null; then fail 'partial upload accepted'; fi
+[ "$(cat "$REMOTE_DIR/compose.jiangling.yml")" = 'previous runtime configuration' ] || fail 'partial upload replaced runtime files'
+pass 'incomplete staging directory leaves runtime files untouched'
+printf 'complete\n' > "$RELEASE_DIR/registry-config.yml"
+caiwu_install_release_files
+[ "$(cat "$REMOTE_DIR/compose.jiangling.yml")" = 'new staged runtime configuration' ] || fail 'staged configuration not installed'
+pass 'complete isolated upload installs the intended runtime files'
+
+new_runtime legacy-entrypoints
+for legacy in activate-release.sh activate-incremental-release.sh; do
+    printf '#!/bin/sh\nexit 0\n' > "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy"
+done
+sh "$REPO/deploy/install-release-protection.sh" "$REMOTE_DIR"
+for legacy in activate-release.sh activate-incremental-release.sh; do
+    if cp "$REPO/deploy/$legacy" "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy" 2>/dev/null; then fail 'old uploader replaced the protected entry point'; fi
+    if sh "$REMOTE_DIR/$legacy" old-arguments 2>/dev/null; then fail 'old activation path accepted a release'; fi
+    pass "$legacy: legacy uploader and activation both rejected"
+done
+sh "$REPO/deploy/install-release-protection.sh" "$REMOTE_DIR"
+pass 'installing entry point protection again is idempotent'
+printf 'PASS: %s release protection scenarios\n' "$passed"