371 lines
11 KiB
PowerShell
371 lines
11 KiB
PowerShell
# ============================================
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# 数据库备份脚本 (PowerShell)
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# ============================================
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# 功能：备份 PostgreSQL 数据库（支持本地和 Docker 环境）
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# 使用：.\backup-db.ps1 [-BackupDir <目录>] [-DockerContainer <容器名>]
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# ============================================
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param(
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[string]$BackupDir = ".\backups\database",
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[string]$DockerContainer = "furniture-postgres"
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)
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$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
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# 配置
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$Timestamp = Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMdd-HHmmss"
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$BackupFile = "db-backup-$Timestamp.sql.gz"
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$LogFile = "backup-db-$Timestamp.log"
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$global:UseDocker = $false
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# 确保备份目录存在
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if (-not (Test-Path $BackupDir)) {
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New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $BackupDir -Force | Out-Null
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}
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# 日志函数
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function Write-Log {
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param([string]$Message, [string]$Level = "INFO")
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$TimeStamp = Get-Date -Format "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
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$LogMessage = "[$TimeStamp] $($Level): $Message"
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switch ($Level) {
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"ERROR" { Write-Host $LogMessage -ForegroundColor Red }
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"WARN" { Write-Host $LogMessage -ForegroundColor Yellow }
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"SUCCESS" { Write-Host $LogMessage -ForegroundColor Green }
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default { Write-Host $LogMessage }
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}
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Add-Content -Path "$BackupDir\$LogFile" -Value $LogMessage
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}
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# 检查依赖
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function Test-Dependencies {
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Write-Log "检查依赖..."
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# 检查是否有 Docker 容器运行
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if (Get-Command docker -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
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$containerRunning = docker ps --filter "name=$DockerContainer" --format "{{.Names}}" 2>$null
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if ($containerRunning -eq $DockerContainer) {
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$global:UseDocker = $true
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Write-Log "检测到 Docker 容器: $DockerContainer，将使用 Docker 执行备份"
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}
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}
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# 如果不使用 Docker，检查本地 pg_dump
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if (-not $global:UseDocker) {
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if (-not (Get-Command pg_dump -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
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Write-Log "pg_dump 未安装且未检测到 Docker 容器，无法执行备份" "ERROR"
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exit 1
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}
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}
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# 检查 7-Zip 或 gzip（仅本地模式需要）
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$global:CompressTool = $null
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if (Get-Command 7z -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
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$global:CompressTool = "7z"
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} elseif (Get-Command gzip -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
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$global:CompressTool = "gzip"
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}
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if (-not $global:UseDocker -and -not $global:CompressTool) {
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Write-Log "未找到压缩工具（7z 或 gzip）" "ERROR"
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exit 1
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}
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Write-Log "✅ 依赖检查通过" "SUCCESS"
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}
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# 加载环境变量
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function Load-EnvFile {
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if (Test-Path .env) {
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Get-Content .env | ForEach-Object {
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if ($_ -match '^([^#][^=]+)=(.*)$') {
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$name = $matches[1].Trim()
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$value = $matches[2].Trim()
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[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable($name, $value, "Process")
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}
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}
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}
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}
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# 验证数据库连接
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function Test-DatabaseConnection {
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Write-Log "验证数据库连接..."
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$DatabaseUrl = $env:DATABASE_URL
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if (-not $DatabaseUrl) {
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Write-Log "DATABASE_URL 环境变量未设置" "ERROR"
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exit 1
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}
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# 解析数据库连接字符串
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if ($DatabaseUrl -match 'postgresql://([^:]+):([^@]+)@([^:]+):([^/]+)/([^\?]+)') {
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$global:DbUser = $matches[1]
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$global:DbPass = $matches[2]
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$global:DbHost = $matches[3]
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$global:DbPort = $matches[4]
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$global:DbName = $matches[5]
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} else {
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Write-Log "DATABASE_URL 格式无效" "ERROR"
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exit 1
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}
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# 测试连接
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if ($global:UseDocker) {
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$result = docker exec $DockerContainer psql -U $global:DbUser -d $global:DbName -c "SELECT 1" 2>&1
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} else {
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$env:PGPASSWORD = $global:DbPass
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$result = & psql -h $global:DbHost -p $global:DbPort -U $global:DbUser -d $global:DbName -c "SELECT 1" 2>&1
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}
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if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
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Write-Log "无法连接到数据库: $result" "ERROR"
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exit 1
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}
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Write-Log "✅ 数据库连接成功" "SUCCESS"
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}
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# 创建备份目录
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function New-BackupDirectory {
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Write-Log "创建备份目录: $BackupDir"
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if (-not (Test-Path $BackupDir)) {
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New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $BackupDir -Force | Out-Null
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}
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if (-not (Test-Path $BackupDir)) {
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Write-Log "无法创建备份目录" "ERROR"
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exit 1
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}
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Write-Log "✅ 备份目录已创建" "SUCCESS"
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}
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# 检查磁盘空间
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function Test-DiskSpace {
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Write-Log "检查磁盘空间..."
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$drive = (Get-Item $BackupDir).PSDrive
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$freeSpace = [math]::Round($drive.Free / 1MB, 2)
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# 获取数据库大小
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$sizeQuery = "SELECT pg_database_size('$($global:DbName)') / 1024 / 1024"
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if ($global:UseDocker) {
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$dbSizeResult = docker exec $DockerContainer psql -U $global:DbUser -d $global:DbName -t -c $sizeQuery 2>&1
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} else {
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$env:PGPASSWORD = $global:DbPass
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$dbSizeResult = & psql -h $global:DbHost -p $global:DbPort -U $global:DbUser -d $global:DbName -t -c $sizeQuery 2>&1
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}
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# 解析结果（可能是数组或字符串）
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if ($dbSizeResult -is [array]) {
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$dbSizeStr = ($dbSizeResult | Where-Object { $_ -match '\d+' } | Select-Object -First 1).Trim()
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} else {
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$dbSizeStr = $dbSizeResult.ToString().Trim()
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}
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$dbSize = [math]::Round([double]$dbSizeStr, 0)
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$requiredSpace = $dbSize * 2
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Write-Log "数据库大小: $dbSize MB"
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Write-Log "可用空间: $freeSpace MB"
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Write-Log "需要空间: $requiredSpace MB"
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if ($freeSpace -lt $requiredSpace) {
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Write-Log "磁盘空间不足" "ERROR"
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exit 1
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}
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Write-Log "✅ 磁盘空间充足" "SUCCESS"
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}
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# 执行备份
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function Start-Backup {
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Write-Log "开始备份数据库..."
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Write-Log "备份文件: $BackupFile"
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$startTime = Get-Date
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$backupPath = Join-Path $BackupDir $BackupFile
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try {
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if ($global:UseDocker) {
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# Docker 模式：在容器内执行备份
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$tempFile = "/tmp/db-backup-$Timestamp.sql"
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$tempGzFile = "/tmp/db-backup-$Timestamp.sql.gz"
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# 在容器内执行 pg_dump
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docker exec $DockerContainer pg_dump -U $global:DbUser -d $global:DbName `
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--format=plain --no-owner --no-acl --clean --if-exists `
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-f $tempFile
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if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
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throw "pg_dump 执行失败"
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}
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# 在容器内压缩
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docker exec $DockerContainer gzip -f $tempFile
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if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
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throw "压缩失败"
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}
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# 复制到本地
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docker cp "${DockerContainer}:${tempGzFile}" $backupPath
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if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
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throw "复制备份文件失败"
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}
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# 清理容器内临时文件
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docker exec $DockerContainer rm -f $tempGzFile 2>$null
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} else {
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# 本地模式
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$tempSqlFile = Join-Path $BackupDir "temp-$Timestamp.sql"
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$env:PGPASSWORD = $global:DbPass
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& pg_dump -h $global:DbHost -p $global:DbPort -U $global:DbUser -d $global:DbName `
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--format=plain --no-owner --no-acl --clean --if-exists `
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-f $tempSqlFile
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if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
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throw "pg_dump 执行失败"
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}
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# 压缩文件
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if ($global:CompressTool -eq "7z") {
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& 7z a -tgzip $backupPath $tempSqlFile | Out-Null
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} else {
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& gzip -c $tempSqlFile > $backupPath
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}
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if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
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throw "压缩失败"
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}
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Remove-Item $tempSqlFile -Force
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}
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$endTime = Get-Date
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$duration = ($endTime - $startTime).TotalSeconds
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Write-Log "✅ 备份完成，耗时: $([math]::Round($duration, 2)) 秒" "SUCCESS"
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}
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catch {
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Write-Log "备份失败: $_" "ERROR"
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exit 1
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}
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}
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# 验证备份文件
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function Test-BackupFile {
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Write-Log "验证备份文件..."
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$backupPath = Join-Path $BackupDir $BackupFile
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if (-not (Test-Path $backupPath)) {
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Write-Log "备份文件不存在" "ERROR"
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exit 1
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}
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# 检查文件大小
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$fileSize = (Get-Item $backupPath).Length
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$fileSizeMB = [math]::Round($fileSize / 1MB, 2)
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Write-Log "备份文件大小: $fileSizeMB MB"
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# 生成 checksum
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$hash = Get-FileHash -Path $backupPath -Algorithm SHA256
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$checksum = $hash.Hash
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$checksum | Out-File -FilePath "$backupPath.sha256" -Encoding ASCII
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Write-Log "✅ 备份文件完整性验证通过" "SUCCESS"
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Write-Log "✅ Checksum: $checksum" "SUCCESS"
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}
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# 清理旧备份
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function Remove-OldBackups {
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Write-Log "清理旧备份..."
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$keepCount = 5
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# 获取所有备份文件
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$backupFiles = Get-ChildItem -Path $BackupDir -Filter "db-backup-*.sql.gz" |
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Sort-Object LastWriteTime -Descending
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$backupCount = $backupFiles.Count
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if ($backupCount -gt $keepCount) {
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$deleteCount = $backupCount - $keepCount
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Write-Log "发现 $backupCount 个备份，删除最旧的 $deleteCount 个"
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$backupFiles | Select-Object -Skip $keepCount | ForEach-Object {
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Write-Log "删除: $($_.Name)"
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Remove-Item $_.FullName -Force
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$checksumFile = "$($_.FullName).sha256"
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if (Test-Path $checksumFile) {
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Remove-Item $checksumFile -Force
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}
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}
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Write-Log "✅ 清理完成" "SUCCESS"
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} else {
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Write-Log "当前有 $backupCount 个备份，无需清理"
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}
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}
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# 生成备份摘要
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function New-BackupSummary {
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Write-Log "生成备份摘要..."
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$backupPath = Join-Path $BackupDir $BackupFile
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$fileSize = (Get-Item $backupPath).Length
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$checksum = Get-Content "$backupPath.sha256"
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$summary = @{
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timestamp = (Get-Date -Format "o")
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backup_file = $BackupFile
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database = $global:DbName
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host = $global:DbHost
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size = $fileSize
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checksum = $checksum
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status = "success"
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}
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$summaryPath = Join-Path $BackupDir "backup-summary-$Timestamp.json"
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$summary | ConvertTo-Json | Out-File -FilePath $summaryPath -Encoding UTF8
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Write-Log "✅ 备份摘要已生成" "SUCCESS"
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}
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# 主函数
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function Main {
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Write-Host "========================================"
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Write-Host " 数据库备份脚本"
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Write-Host "========================================"
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Write-Host ""
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Load-EnvFile
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Test-Dependencies
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Test-DatabaseConnection
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New-BackupDirectory
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Test-DiskSpace
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Start-Backup
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Test-BackupFile
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Remove-OldBackups
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New-BackupSummary
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Write-Host ""
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Write-Host "========================================"
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Write-Log "🎉 备份成功完成！" "SUCCESS"
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Write-Host "========================================"
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Write-Host ""
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Write-Host "备份文件: $BackupDir\$BackupFile"
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Write-Host "日志文件: $BackupDir\$LogFile"
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Write-Host ""
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}
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# 执行主函数
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Main
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