407 lines
6.9 KiB
Markdown
407 lines
6.9 KiB
Markdown
# 服务器部署指南
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## 服务器信息
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- **服务器地址**: 156.225.27.52
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- **SSH 端口**: 5204
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- **用户**: root
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## 部署前准备
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### 1. 本地准备
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确保本地项目可以正常运行：
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```bash
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# 检查项目状态
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pnpm install
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pnpm db:migrate
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pnpm build
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```
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### 2. 准备环境变量
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创建 `.env.production` 文件，包含生产环境配置：
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```bash
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# 数据库
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POSTGRES_URL=postgresql://user:password@host:port/database
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# NextAuth
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AUTH_SECRET=your-production-secret-key
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AUTH_URL=https://your-domain.com
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# AI Gateway (如果需要)
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AI_GATEWAY_API_KEY=your-gateway-api-key
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# Redis (可选)
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REDIS_URL=redis://localhost:6379
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# Vercel Blob (可选)
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BLOB_READ_WRITE_TOKEN=your-blob-token
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```
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## 部署步骤
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### 方法一：使用部署脚本（推荐）
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1. **在本地运行部署脚本**：
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```bash
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chmod +x deploy.sh
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./deploy.sh
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```
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### 方法二：手动部署
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#### 步骤 1: 连接到服务器
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```bash
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ssh -p 5204 root@156.225.27.52
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```
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#### 步骤 2: 安装必要软件
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```bash
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# 更新系统
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apt update && apt upgrade -y
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# 安装 Node.js (使用 nvm 或直接安装)
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curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.0/install.sh | bash
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source ~/.bashrc
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nvm install 20
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nvm use 20
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# 安装 pnpm
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npm install -g pnpm
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# 安装 PostgreSQL (如果还没有)
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apt install postgresql postgresql-contrib -y
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# 安装 PM2 (进程管理)
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npm install -g pm2
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# 安装 Nginx (反向代理)
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apt install nginx -y
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```
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#### 步骤 3: 克隆项目
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```bash
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# 创建项目目录
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mkdir -p /var/www/ai-chatbot
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cd /var/www/ai-chatbot
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# 如果使用 Git
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git clone <your-repo-url> .
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# 或者使用 scp 上传（从本地）
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# scp -P 5204 -r . root@156.225.27.52:/var/www/ai-chatbot
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```
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#### 步骤 4: 安装依赖
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```bash
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cd /var/www/ai-chatbot
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pnpm install --production=false
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```
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#### 步骤 5: 配置环境变量
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```bash
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# 创建 .env.local 文件
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nano .env.local
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# 粘贴环境变量内容（从 .env.production）
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# 保存并退出 (Ctrl+X, Y, Enter)
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```
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#### 步骤 6: 设置数据库
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```bash
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# 创建数据库和用户
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sudo -u postgres psql
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```
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在 PostgreSQL 命令行中：
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```sql
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CREATE DATABASE ai_chatbot;
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CREATE USER chatbot_user WITH PASSWORD 'your_secure_password';
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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE ai_chatbot TO chatbot_user;
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\q
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```
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更新 `.env.local` 中的 `POSTGRES_URL`：
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```
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POSTGRES_URL=postgresql://chatbot_user:your_secure_password@localhost:5432/ai_chatbot
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```
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#### 步骤 7: 运行数据库迁移
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```bash
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cd /var/www/ai-chatbot
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pnpm db:migrate
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```
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#### 步骤 8: 构建项目
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```bash
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pnpm build
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```
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#### 步骤 9: 使用 PM2 启动应用
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```bash
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# 创建 PM2 配置文件
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cat > ecosystem.config.js << 'EOF'
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module.exports = {
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apps: [{
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name: 'ai-chatbot',
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script: 'node_modules/next/dist/bin/next',
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args: 'start',
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cwd: '/var/www/ai-chatbot',
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instances: 1,
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exec_mode: 'fork',
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env: {
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NODE_ENV: 'production',
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PORT: 3000
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},
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error_file: '/var/log/pm2/ai-chatbot-error.log',
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out_file: '/var/log/pm2/ai-chatbot-out.log',
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log_date_format: 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss Z',
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merge_logs: true,
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autorestart: true,
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max_memory_restart: '1G'
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}]
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};
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EOF
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# 启动应用
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pm2 start ecosystem.config.js
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# 保存 PM2 配置
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pm2 save
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# 设置开机自启
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pm2 startup
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```
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#### 步骤 10: 配置 Nginx 反向代理
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```bash
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# 创建 Nginx 配置
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cat > /etc/nginx/sites-available/ai-chatbot << 'EOF'
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name your-domain.com; # 替换为你的域名或 IP
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location / {
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proxy_pass http://localhost:3000;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
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proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
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}
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}
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EOF
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# 启用站点
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ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/ai-chatbot /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
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# 测试配置
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nginx -t
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# 重启 Nginx
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systemctl restart nginx
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```
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#### 步骤 11: 配置防火墙
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```bash
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# 允许 HTTP 和 HTTPS
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ufw allow 80/tcp
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ufw allow 443/tcp
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ufw allow 5204/tcp # SSH 端口
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# 启用防火墙
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ufw enable
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```
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## 常用命令
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### PM2 管理
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```bash
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# 查看应用状态
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pm2 status
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# 查看日志
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pm2 logs ai-chatbot
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# 重启应用
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pm2 restart ai-chatbot
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# 停止应用
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pm2 stop ai-chatbot
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# 删除应用
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pm2 delete ai-chatbot
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```
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### 更新部署
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```bash
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cd /var/www/ai-chatbot
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# 拉取最新代码
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git pull
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# 安装新依赖
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pnpm install
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# 运行数据库迁移
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pnpm db:migrate
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# 重新构建
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pnpm build
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# 重启应用
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pm2 restart ai-chatbot
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```
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### 查看日志
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```bash
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# PM2 日志
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pm2 logs ai-chatbot
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# Nginx 日志
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tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log
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tail -f /var/log/nginx/error.log
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# 应用日志
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tail -f /var/log/pm2/ai-chatbot-out.log
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tail -f /var/log/pm2/ai-chatbot-error.log
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```
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## 安全建议
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1. **使用 SSH 密钥而非密码**：
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```bash
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# 在本地生成密钥
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ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096
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# 复制公钥到服务器
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ssh-copy-id -p 5204 root@156.225.27.52
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```
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2. **禁用 root 密码登录**（配置 SSH 密钥后）：
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```bash
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# 编辑 SSH 配置
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nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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# 设置
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PasswordAuthentication no
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PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
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# 重启 SSH
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systemctl restart sshd
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```
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3. **配置 SSL 证书**（使用 Let's Encrypt）：
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```bash
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apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx -y
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certbot --nginx -d your-domain.com
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```
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4. **定期更新系统**：
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```bash
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apt update && apt upgrade -y
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```
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## 故障排查
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### 应用无法启动
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1. 检查环境变量：
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```bash
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pm2 env ai-chatbot
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```
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2. 检查端口占用：
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```bash
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netstat -tulpn | grep 3000
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```
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3. 检查数据库连接：
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```bash
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psql $POSTGRES_URL
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```
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### 502 Bad Gateway
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1. 检查应用是否运行：
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```bash
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pm2 status
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```
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2. 检查 Nginx 配置：
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```bash
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nginx -t
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```
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3. 检查防火墙：
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```bash
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ufw status
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```
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## 性能优化
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1. **启用 Next.js 缓存**：
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- 确保 `next.config.ts` 中 `cacheComponents: true`
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2. **使用 Redis 缓存**（如果配置了 Redis）：
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- 确保 `REDIS_URL` 环境变量正确
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3. **监控资源使用**：
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```bash
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pm2 monit
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```
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## 备份
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### 数据库备份
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```bash
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# 创建备份脚本
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cat > /root/backup-db.sh << 'EOF'
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#!/bin/bash
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DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
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BACKUP_DIR="/root/backups"
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mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR
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pg_dump $POSTGRES_URL > $BACKUP_DIR/db_backup_$DATE.sql
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# 保留最近 7 天的备份
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find $BACKUP_DIR -name "db_backup_*.sql" -mtime +7 -delete
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EOF
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chmod +x /root/backup-db.sh
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# 添加到 crontab（每天凌晨 2 点备份）
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crontab -e
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# 添加：0 2 * * * /root/backup-db.sh
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```
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## 联系支持
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如遇到问题，请检查：
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1. 应用日志：`pm2 logs ai-chatbot`
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2. Nginx 日志：`/var/log/nginx/error.log`
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3. 系统日志：`journalctl -u nginx`
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